Radiometric dating and the age of the Earth by Ralph W. Matthews, Ph.D. [Click here for a summary of this article.] Before , ages for the Earth based on.
Table of contents
- Age of the Earth - Wikipedia
- Non-Radiometric Dating of the Age of the Earth: Implications From Fossil Coral Evidence
- A Response to “Scientific” Creationism
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After all, the ever-changing Earth rarely left a complete geological record. The age of the planet, though, was important to Charles Darwin and other evolutionary theorists: The biological evidence they were collecting showed that nature needed vastly more time than previously thought to sculpt the world.
Age of the Earth - Wikipedia
A breakthrough came with the discovery of radioactivity at the beginning of the s. Scientists discovered that rocks could be timepieces -- literally.
Many chemical elements in rock exist in a number of slightly different forms, known as isotopes. Certain isotopes are unstable and undergo a process of radioactive decay, slowly and steadily transforming, molecule by molecule, into a different isotope. This rate of decay is constant for a given isotope, and the time it takes for one-half of a particular isotope to decay is its radioactive half-life.
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For example, about 1. By measuring the ratio of lead to uranium in a rock sample, its age can be determined. Using this technique, called radiometric dating, scientists are able to "see" back in time.
Non-Radiometric Dating of the Age of the Earth: Implications From Fossil Coral Evidence
Kelvin defended this calculation throughout his life, even disputing Darwin's explanations of evolution as impossible in that time period. In , Marie Curie discovered the phenomenon of radioactivity, in which unstable atoms lose energy, or decay, by emitting radiation in the form of particles or electromagnetic waves. By physicist Ernest Rutherford showed how this decay process could act as a clock for dating old rocks. Meanwhile, Arthur Holmes was finishing up a geology degree at the Imperial College of Science in London where he developed the technique of dating rocks using the uranium-lead method.
By applying the technique to his oldest rock, Holmes proposed that the Earth was at least 1.
A Response to “Scientific” Creationism
In a report of his findings published in in the journal Nature , Holmes expressed the less-than-ecstatic reception his findings received: Since then, several revisions have been made. In the s, Earth's age crept up toward 3 billion years, making it for a time even older than the universe, which was then estimated to be about 1.
The best estimate for Earth's age is based on radiometric dating of fragments from the Canyon Diablo iron meteorite.